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Saints Cosmas and Damian are regarded as the patrons of physicians, surgeons, pharmacists and twins
Cosmas and Damian (Arabic: قُزما ودميان, romanized: Qozma wa Demyaan; Greek: Κοσμᾶς καὶ Δαμιανός; Latin: Cosmas et Damianus; c. 3rd century – c. 287 or 303 AD) were two Arab physicians and early Christian martyrs. They practised their profession in the seaport of Aegeae, then in the Roman province of Syria. Cosmas and Damian were third century Arabian-born twin brothers who embraced Christianity and practised medicine and surgery without a fee. This led them
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This guy (1745 – 1821) was a German physician and hygienist who wrote about ‘medical police’…a lot
Johann Peter Frank is considered a pioneer in the field of social hygiene and social medicine as well as public health and the public health service and was one of the founders of hygiene as a university subject. The six-volume (some say six, some say nine) system of a complete medical police is his main work. It took Frank almost four decades to compose it. It was the most comprehensive
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medical police
Medical police, originating in 18th century Europe, particularly Germany, was a far-reaching concept that blended public health, social control, and governance. It wasn’t just about controlling venereal diseases or regulating prostitution—it was an ambitious attempt to manage nearly every aspect of public life that could impact health and social order. Picture this: It’s the 18th
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Female husbands
A female husband is a person born as a woman, living as a man, who marries a woman. The term was known historically from the 17th Century and was popularised by Henry Fielding who titled his 1746 fictionalised account of the trial of Mary Hamilton The Female Husband. Prosecutions involving women living as men and marrying other women were reported in
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Public Universal Friend aka Jemima Wilkinson
The Public Universal Friend (born Jemima Wilkinson; November 29, 1752 – July 1, 1819) was an American preacher born in Cumberland, Rhode Island, to Quaker parents. After suffering a severe illness in 1776, the Friend claimed to have died and been reanimated as a genderless evangelist named the Public Universal Friend, and afterward shunned both birth name and gendered pronouns. In androgynous clothes, the Friend
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Lili Elbe, Danish painter and trans woman who was castrated by one nazi (1930) and dead a short time later after a womb transplant performed by another nazi (1931)
Lili Ilse Elvenes (1882 – 1931), better known as Lili Elbe, was a Danish painter, trans woman and among the early recipients of gender-affirming surgery (sex reassignment surgery). They say that about all of them…that they were the first or one of the first or some kind of pioneer. I suspect the truth is closer to ‘they have been castrating everything
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Felix Abraham (1901 – 1937), German doctor, sex forensic scientist and “head of the sex forensic department” at the Institut für Sexualwissenschaft
Felix Abraham (1901 – 1937) was a German doctor, sex forensic scientist (court expert) and “head of the sex forensic department” at the First Institute for Sex Science in Berlin. Life At the end of 1928, Abraham received his doctorate from Philipp Schwartz in Frankfurt am Main with his dissertation Investigations into the changes in mortality statistics in the first year of life , which
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Dora “Dorchen” Richter underwent surgical castration in 1922, followed by removal of the penis and vaginoplasty in 1931
Dora “Dorchen” Richter (1891 – presumed 1933) was the first known person to undergo complete male-to-female gender reassignment surgery. She was one of a number of transgender people in the care of sex-research pioneer Magnus Hirschfeld at Berlin’s Institute for Sexual Research during the 1920s and early 1930s. She underwent surgical removal of the testicles in 1922, followed in 1931 by removal of the penis and vaginoplasty.
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Ludwig Levy-Lenz, German doctor, sexual reformer and pimp compiled the first medical book on abortion
Ludwig Levy-Lenz (born 1 December 1892 in Posen (now Poznań), German Reich; died 30 October 1966 in Munich) was a German doctor of medicine and a sexual reformer, known for performing some of the first sex reassignment surgeries for patients of the Hirschfeld institute. Life Ludwig Levy took on the double name Ludwig Levy-Lenz early on, and after the Second World War and his
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Erwin Gohrbandt, one of the first surgeons to perform sex reassignment surgery and vice president of the Berlin regional association of the German Red Cross
Erwin Gohrbandt (1890 – 1965) was a German surgeon and university teacher. He was one of the first surgeons to perform sex reassignment surgery. Gohrbandt served as vice president of the Berlin regional association of the German Red Cross. He was also a member of the German Olympic Society. In 1950-51 he was chairman of the Berlin Surgical Society.
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